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#REDIRECT[[Linux Tips]] |
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== Color in Shell == |
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Some tips to provide a more colorful shell experience. |
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* '''cat''' with color syntax highlighting |
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* Colored diff '''colordiff''' |
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* Color with '''git''' |
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* Preserve color with '''less''' |
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* Colors in '''man''' pages (using either ''less'' or ''most'' as pager) |
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* Vim-based color viewer '''view''' |
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=== <tt>cat</tt> === |
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The example below creates a script '''ccat''', similar to ''cat'' but with syntax highlighting (using ''source-highlight'', ref [http://superuser.com/questions/84426/is-there-any-option-let-cat-command-output-with-color]): |
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* Define a script '''<tt>ccat</tt>''': |
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<source lang="bash"> |
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#!/bin/bash |
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src-hilite-lesspipe.sh $1 |
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</source> |
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* The included ''less'' script is also nice. Add to your <tt>.bashrc</tt>: |
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<source lang="bash"> |
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export LESSOPEN="| /path/to/src-hilite-lesspipe.sh %s" |
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export LESS=FRX # At least R! |
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</source> |
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Some examples |
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<source lang="bash"> |
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ccat file.c |
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ccat file.c | less -FRX |
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</source> |
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There are some alternatives to ''source-highlight''. For instance on Ubuntu: |
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* <tt>python-pygments</tt> |
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* <tt>[http://www.palfrader.org/code2html/ code2html]</tt> |
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* <tt>highlight</tt> |
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* <tt>[http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite/ source-highlight]</tt> (a dependency of ''qgit'') |
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=== <tt>colordiff</tt> === |
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'''colordiff''' is a Perl wrapper around ''diff'' to show diff outputs in color: |
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<source lang="bash"> |
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colordiff file1 file2 # Diff in colors |
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alias diff="colordiff -W ${COLUMNS:-130}" # Handy alias that also adds auto-width |
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</source> |
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Note that ''colordiff'' output can be piped through ''less'', or ''colordiff'' can also take a diff as standard input: |
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<source lang="bash"> |
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colordiff file1 file2 | less -FSRX # Page output |
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<patchfile colordiff # Colorize stdin |
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</source> |
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=== <tt>git</tt> === |
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See [[Git#Configuration|Git (configuration section)]]. |
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=== <tt>less</tt> === |
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Use option '''-R''' to preserve ANSI color escape sequence in input: |
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<source lang="bash"> |
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colordiff file1 file2 | less -R # As command-line option |
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export LESS=R # Better use env. var $LESS |
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colordiff file1 file2 | less # ... no need to give -R anymore |
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export LESS=FRX # Even better |
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colordiff file1 file2 | less # ... quit asap if less than 1-page |
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</source> |
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In ''git'', ''less'' is called with the following option: |
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<source lang="bash"> |
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export lESS=FSRX # Default git options |
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# ... F - quit if less than 1-page |
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# ... S - truncate long lines |
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# ... R - preserve color |
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# ... X - don't initialize term (no clear) |
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</source> |
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=== <tt>man</tt> === |
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To have colors in ''manpages'', the simplest is to install the package ''most'': |
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<source lang="bash"> |
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sudo apt-get install most |
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</source> |
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And then tell how you want to use it: |
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<source lang="bash"> |
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# SYSTEM-WIDE |
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sudo update-alternatives --config pager # To select 'most' as default pager system-wide |
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# per USER - in ~/.bashrc |
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export PAGER=most # To select 'most' as default pager for that user |
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alias man="PAGER=most man" # To select 'most' only for manpages |
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</source> |
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However we can get the same effect with ''less'' thanks to some bash script-fu magic (see [http://nion.modprobe.de/blog/archives/569-colored-manpages.html]) |
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<source lang="bash"> |
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mkdir ~/.terminfo/ |
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cd ~/.terminfo |
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wget http://nion.modprobe.de/mostlike.txt # Get the new terminfo description |
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tic mostlike.txt # Compile it using terminfo entry-description compiler |
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</source> |
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Now just define the following alias in <tt>~/.bashrc</tt>: |
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<source lang="bash"> |
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alias man="TERMINFO=~/.terminfo TERM=mostlike PAGER=LESS LESS=C man" # LESS=C can be skipped or adapted |
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</source> |
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=== <tt>view</tt> === |
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''view'' is ''vim'' front-end document reader. ''view'' can highlight syntax of files based on their filename, but also based on their content (unlike ''source-highlight''). Use <code>view -</code> to view standard input: |
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<source lang="bash"> |
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view file.c # Detect .c format from filename |
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git diff HEAD^ | view - # Git - Will detect diff format from content |
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svn diff | view - # Svn - idem |
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</source> |
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== Pager == |
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;Manpages |
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* By default uses <tt>pager -s</tt> |
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** <tt>/usr/bin/pager</tt> is a symlink to <tt>/etc/alternatives/pager</tt>. |
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* Overridden by env var '''$PAGER'''. |
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* Overridden by env var '''$MANPAGER'''. |
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* Overridden by cli option '''-P pager'''. |
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Latest revision as of 11:45, 21 May 2019
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