Package Management

Ubuntu / Debian

Installing a package from repository:

apt-get update                      # (OPTIONAL) update the local repository cache
apt-get install <package(s)>        # Install given package
apt-get upgrade                     # Install new version of all installed package (without installing new package)
apt-get remove <package(s)>         # Remove package (or install it if package name prefixed with - )
apt-get purge <package(s)>          # Remove package and related configuration files
apt-get autoremove                  # Remove package installed to satisfy dependencies for some package and that are no more needed

Querying packages that are installed / from cache repository:

dpkg --get-selections               # Show the list of packages installed through apt-get
dpkg --get-selections | grep php    # ... filtering for some specific package keyword
dpkg -L <package>                   # List files delivered by a given <package>
dlocate -L <package>                # ... same as above but much faster (require package dlocate)
dpkg -S <file>                      # List packages providing given file
dlocate -S <file>                   # ... same as above but much faster (require package dlocate)
dlocate <file>                      # ... same as dpkg -L -S combined but much faster (require package dlocate)
apt-cache search <regex>            # Search package cache (package name and description) for given <regex>
apt-cache showpkg <package(s)>      # Show information about given package(s)

Querying / Installing a .deb package file:

dpkg --info <debfile>               # (or -I) Show information of given .deb file
dpkg --content <debfile>            # (or -c) Show content of given .deb file
dpkg --install <debfile>            # (or -i) Install a package from given .deb file

To add a repository:

• edit file /etc/apt/sources.list ou sources.list.d/, then apt-get update.

To add a package authentication key:

gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv 247D1CFF  # (optional) Get the key from some keyserver
gpg --export --armor 247D1CFF | sudo apt-key add -    # Add the key

RPM's

• RPM RedHat Package Manager
• Using RPM: THe Basics (Part I)
• Install commands

rpm -ivh package                    # Installing a package - verbose and progress bars
rpm -iv -nodeps package             # Installing a package (verbose), ignore dependencies

• Query commands

rpm -ql package                     # List files provided by a package

• To query a package that has not been installed, add -p option to the command:

rpm -qpl package                    # List files provided by a package