Configuration Common Linux: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 17:37, 18 September 2018

This page details a common configuration for Linux, independent of the underlying platform.

Install script

Initial install script to install common applications

sudo apt-get install git etckeeper
git config --global user.email "user@server.com"                   # Make sure this is defined for admin user + root
git config --global user.name "User Name"                          # or release upgrade might fail in the future
sudo su -
git config --global user.email "user@server.com"
git config --global user.name "User Name (root)"
logout

sudo vi /etc/etckeeper/etckeeper.conf                              # Select git, avoid daily commit, avoid auto-commit
sudo etckeeper init
sudo etckeeper commit "1st commit"
cd /etc
sudo vi .gitignore                                                 # Ignore resolv.c* (and cups/subscriptions.* before Ubuntu Precise)
sudo git rm --cached resolv.c*
sudo git rm --cached cups/subscriptions.*                          # No longer needed on Ubuntu Precise and after
sudo git add .gitignore
sudo etckeeper commit "ignore resolv.c*, cups/subscriptions.*"

sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list                                      # Enable / add all relevant repositories (partner...)
sudo etckeeper commit "enable partners, extra repositories"

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libnss-mdns avahi-daemon mdns-scan synapse gitk git-gui git-doc \
                     mc autossh ssh vim-gnome exuberant-ctags cscope ruby
                                                                   # 14.04 Trusty: package 'synapse' missing
                                                                   # -> Install from 13.10 package

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:phoerious/keepassxc
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install keepassxc                                     # Upgrade: keepassx -> keepassxc

# Restore my profile
sudo vi /etc/hosts                                                 # Add host 'griffin' - make sure localhost as FQDN:
                                                                   #     127.0.1.1	myhost.domain.com
ssh griffin -C "cat /etc/hosts"                                    # recover any needed host ip address
sudo vi /etc/hosts                                                 # ... and write them
sudo etckeeper commit "update /etc/hosts file"
git clone git@apple-pi:git/home.git
mv home/.git .
rm -rf home
git reset --hard
git st
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
set-network.sh
chmod 600 .ssh/*
chmod 644 .ssh/id_rsa.pub
mkdir tmp
restoresettings

Install the common repositories (Synapse, Ubuntu Tweak, XBMC)

                                                             # Opera
# sudo add-apt-repository ppa:synapse-core/ppa               # Synapse - older ubuntu release
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tualatrix/next                   # Ubuntu Tweak
                                                             # 14.04 Trusty: ppa not yet available
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:team-xbmc/ppa                    # XBMC
sudo apt-get update

These repositories are obsolote or discontinued:

Gnome Terminator (not needed anymore for Ubuntu Precise and above)
Medibuntu (replaced by Videolan)

Update /etc/sudoers:

sudo visudo

 # See the man page for details on how to write a sudoers file.
 #
 Defaults       env_reset
+Defaults       env_keep += "http_proxy https_proxy GREP_OPTIONS DISPLAY XAUTHORITY HOME"
 Defaults       mail_badpass
 Defaults       secure_path="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
 
 #includedir /etc/sudoers.d
 
 # Specific commands that do not require password
+ALL         ALL = (ALL) NOPASSWD: /etc/privoxy/set-network-config
+ALL         ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/truecrypt
+ALL         ALL = NOPASSWD: /sbin/rfkill

Install latest kernel [1]

# Get Utopic kernel
sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-lts-utopic xserver-xorg-lts-utopic libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-utopic libegl1-mesa-drivers-lts-utopic
# Get Vivid kernel
# DO NOT UPDATE TO VIVID X.ORG - IT LEAKS LIKE HELL
# sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-lts-vivid xserver-xorg-lts-vivid libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-vivid libegl1-mesa-drivers-lts-vivid
sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-lts-vivid

Install common applications

# Common Applications
sudo apt-get install rpcbind                                              # Use 'portmap' before oneiric ocelot
sudo apt-get install cifs-utils                                           # Use 'smbfs' with precise pangolin or before

sudo apt install terminator smbclient nfs-kernel-server nfs-common \
                 autofs apt-file p7zip-full p7zip-rar dlocate thunderbird \
                 chromium-browser meld colordiff ttf-mscorefonts-installer \
                 qiv gthumb gnupg-agent renameutils wine-stable mplayer \
                 mplayer-doc mplayer-fonts gimp gdmap gparted \
                 xbmc xsel \
                 compizconfig-settings-manager moreutils tmux \
                 unity-tweak-tool libavcodec-extra57 \
                 pepperflashplugin-nonfree compiz-plugins dconf-tools \
                 gnome-tweak-tool silversearcher-ag gawk
                                                                          # Removed in Bionic: gnome-mplayer gecko-mediaplayer ubuntu-tweak 
                                                                          #     app-install-data-medibuntu
                                                                          # Upgraded: libavcodec-extra-54
                                                                          # Discontinued: ubuntu-restricted-extras 
                                                                          # 14.04 Trusty: packages 'ubuntu-tweak', 'app-install-data-medibuntu',
                                                                          # 'smbfs' missing
sudo apt-get install chrome-gnome-shell                                   # Since U18.04, to manage Gnome extension in Chrome / FF. Require browser ext.

sudo apt-file update
sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread4/install-css.sh
# Optional essentials
sudo apt-get install nmap winbind libnss-winbind                          # winbind + libnss-winbind for NetBIOS name resolution
sudo vi /etc/nsswitch.conf                                                # Add "wins" at the end of "hosts:" line
# Optional applications
sudo apt-get install gnugo qgo uligo cgoban quarry pgpgpg powertop
# Optional - Fix blue video in flash (see below for details)
sudo mkdir /etc/adobe
echo -e "EnableLinuxHWVideoDecode=1\nOverrideGPUValidation=true" | sudo tee /etc/adobe/mms.cfg > /dev/null
sudo etckeeper commit "Fix blue video bug in adobe flashplayer"

Install fonts

Fantasque Sans Mono

mkdir ~/.fonts
wget https://github.com/belluzj/fantasque-sans/releases/download/v1.7.1/FantasqueSansMono.tar.gz
tar xvzf FantasqueSansMono.tar.gz -C ~/.fonts/ --wildcards *.ttf
sudo fc-cache -fv

Apply common settings (see below)
Applications not from repositories:
- Panda glGo 1.4.1 (does not work on Oneiric 64-bit)
Install latest updates:

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Restore scrollbar behaviour in GTK3 [2], [3].

Use Shift+Click or Template:Right click to get the jump to click behaviour.

cat >> ~/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini <<__HERE__
[Settings]
gtk-primary-button-warps-slider=false
__HERE__

Ubuntu 12.04

sudo vi /etc/default/apport                         # Disable apport by setting "enabled=0"
sudo etckeeper commit "disable apport"

Ubuntu 18.04

Gnome, install Gnome extension AlternateTab (press Super key, then AlternateTab, it will be installed automatically). This might require installing sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool [4].

terminator

Install the new terminator that depends on GTK3 (terminator-gtk3, version 1.97~ppa3).

See Terminator.

tmux

Make sure that tmux is at least version 2.2. If not install it:

Compile 2.2-3 package from yakkety. See Package Management for instruction.
Compile from sources.

neovim / vim

See Neovim page to install Neovim.

neovim / vim plugins

Neovim / vim plugins are installed via vim-plug, which is part of the home git repository.

However the following plugins require extra configuration:

YouCompleteMe

This is the install script to enable the minimum features. Note that this is done automatically by vim-plug.

cd ~/.vim/plugged/YouCompleteMe
./install.py

cpsm

Run this script after installing the plugin with vim-plug.

sudo apt install libboost-all-dev cmake python-dev libicu-dev
cd ~/.vim/plugged/cpsm
./install.sh

fzf

fzf is a very fast fuzzy-finder written in Go.

It is installed when installing vim plugins. To install it in bash:

git clone https://github.com/junegunn/fzf.git ~/.fzf    # Skip this step if already present
cd ~/.fzf
./install

Java from Oracle

Reference: https://launchpad.net/~webupd8team/+archive/ubuntu/java

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update

Java 8

sudo apt install oracle-java8-set-default

Java 7

sudo apt install oracle-java7-installer
# An error occur because archive is not found anymore
# ... so we copy back our backup at the right location
sudo cp /smb/lacie-cloudbox/family/archives/software/any/oracle-jdk-7u80-linux-x64/jdk-7u80-linux-x64.tar.gz /var/cache/oracle-jdk7-installer/
# Resume install
sudo apt install oracle-java7-installer

LibreOffice

Install latest LibreOffice by adding the PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/ppa
sudo apt update

KeepassXC

We now store the database on Owncloud, and sync to local git repository with cron.

Script:

#! /bin/bash

BASEDIR=$(dirname "$(readlink -nf "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")")
cd "$BASEDIR"

KDBX=work.kdbx
OWNCLOUD_DIR=~/ownCloud/kdbx

if ! diff -q $OWNCLOUD_DIR/$KDBX $KDBX; then
    echo "Adding $KDBX to git..."
    cp $OWNCLOUD_DIR/$KDBX $KDBX
    git add $KDBX
    git commit -m "Sync keepassx db with Owncloud"
fi

Cronjob:

31 * * * *      chronic ~peetersm/private/kdbx/sync_from_owncloud.sh

Gnome

Since Ubuntu Bionic, applet indicator-multiload no longer works.

system-monitor (github)

Requires the following package: gir1.2-gtop-2.0 gir1.2-networkmanager-1.0 gir1.2-clutter-1.0
However the indicator conflicts with owncloud client indicator (no longer visible).

Common Applications

Opera (`opera`)	See Opera to fix apt key issues
Firefox (`firefox`)	Set `Ctrl-Tab` to show last tab. Browse to `about:config`, and set `browser.ctrlTab.previews` to `True`.
Synapse (`synapse`)	Install with: sudo add-apt-repository ppa:synapse-core/ppa sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install synapse Start synapse → Preferences → click Startup on login Still in preferences, set Activate shortcut to `Ctrl-Alt-Space`
Git (`git gitk git-gui git-doc gitweb git-svn`)	[2011-12-15] Updated to 1.7.8 Installed from sources
etckeeper (`etckeeper`)	Configured to use git as SCM, AVOID_DAILY_AUTOCOMMITS, AVOID_COMMIT_BEFORE_INSTALL
mDNS (`libnss-mdns avahi-daemon mdns-scan`)	After install, do: mdns-scan Machine should broadcast its ip address on griffin.local to all avahi clients. For some strange reason, avahi may append a `-2` suffix to broadcast name. To avoid that, edit `/etc/avahi/avahi-daemon.conf` and set host-name variable: host-name=griffin
Midnight Commander (`mc`)	See reference page. Use vi as standard viewer/editor. Installed version from mc official repository to fix file highlighting issue.
AutoSSH (`autossh`)
SSH (`ssh`)	Create / restore private key: ln -sf ../private/ssh/id_rsa_work ~/.ssh/id_rsa If using bin/ssh-agent-refresh.sh: touch ~/.use_ssh_agent
Vim (`vim vim-gnome exuberant-ctags`)	including GVim to enable support of X clipboard
Vim/Cscope (`cscope`)
Ruby (`ruby`)	... for Vim plug-in `snipMate.vim`
Gnome Terminator (`terminator`)	See Gnome Terminator for tips. Set background to transparent 6% (through `~/.config/terminator/config`) Set scrollback to infinite scrollback Custom geometry `terminator --geometry=1220x720+100+100` (in application menu) Font Lucida Console, 9 (on nxl67002ux / nxl67063ux), or Bitstream Vera Sans Mono Roman 9 (on nxl67063 Cygwin-X). (not needed on trusty) Set `terminator` as default terminal for `Ctrl-Alt-T` [5]: gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec 'terminator --geometry=1220x720+100+100'
Samba (`smbclient cifs-utils`)	Use package smbfs for u1204 Precise Pangolin and before
NFS Server (`nfs-kernel-server nfs-common rpcbind`)	See NFS for more details; Created entries in `/etc/exports`. rpcbind replaces portmap since Oneiric.
AutoFS (`autofs`)	Mount mnemosyne shares as NFS autofs (see [6]) and as SMB autofs Enabled/created the following automounters in `/etc/auto.master`: /net /etc/auto.net --ghost /smb/mnemosyne /etc/auto.smb.mnemosyne --ghost /smb/lacie-cloudbox /etc/auto.smb.lacie-cloudbox --ghost Create configuration file `/etc/auto.smb.mnemosyne` Create SMB credential files *`/etc/auto.smb.mnemosyne.`** (see `man mount.cifs`) ~~Created path for mount points:~~ ~~sudo mkdir /net sudo mkdir -p /smb/mnemosyne # ls /net/mnemosyne # sudo mkdir -p /mnt/mnemosyne # for i in /net/mnemosyne/volume1/; do sudo ln -s $i /mnt/mnemosyne/$(basename $i); done~~ Or recover settings from an already configured host: scp griffin:tmp/autofs.tgz . # Configure autofs sudo tar -xvzf autofs.tgz sudo cp etc/ /etc If necessary, mount shares read-only: add option `ro` in /etc/autofs.smb.mnemosyne
KeePassX (`keepassx`)	Set kbd layout to fix autotype bug ([7]). Create ~/.xprofile and /etc/skel/.xprofile [8]: #!/bin/sh # setxkbmap be
apt-file (`apt-file`)
p7zip (`p7zip-full p7zip-rar`)
dlocate (`dlocate`)
Thunderbird (`thunderbird`)
Google Chrome (`chromium-browser`)
Meld (`meld`)	Diff tool
Color Diff (`colordiff`)
MS Truetype core fonts (`ttf-msttcorefonts-installer`)
Qiv (`qiv`)
gThumb (`gthumb`)
GPG (`gpgv gnupg-agent pgpgpg`)	Added `use-agent` at end of ~/.gnupg/gpg.conf Edit ~/.gnupg/gpg.conf as necessary.
Rename utils (`renameutils`)
Wine (`wine`)	See Wine page
MPlayer (`mplayer mplayer-doc mplayer-fonts`)
Flash Plugin 10 (`flashplugin-installer`)	Enable Ubuntu partner repository if needed(`deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu lucid partner`). In case of error `failure to download extra data files flashplugin-installer`, try sudo apt-get --reinstall install flashplugin-installer (Old recipe: sudo aptitude autoremove "flashplugin-" sudo aptitude install flashplugin-installer ) broken— This is too unstable, see next solution — On Ubuntu 12.04 with NVidia card, there is a bug Flash video appears blue. That link recommends to update libvdpau1, but in my case it was already at the latest version. Instead the following did the trick (from bug 968647): sudo mkdir /etc/adobe echo -e "EnableLinuxHWVideoDecode=1\nOverrideGPUValidation=true" \| sudo tee /etc/adobe/mms.cfg > /dev/null Another solution is to disable hardware acceleration*, by going into flash player settings. If the settings window is not clickable, first disable unity 3D (for instance with `metacity --replace&`)
Quicktime plugin (`gnome-mplayer gecko-mediaplayer`)	To play Quicktime content in Opera, Firefox
Gimp (`gimp`)
Graphical Disk Map (`gdmap`)
gparted (`gparted`)
Ubuntu restricted extras (`ubuntu-restricted-extras`)	shall install automatically libdvdread4
libdvdcss2	Installed via `sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread4/install-css.sh` (see also [9])
libavcodec-extra-54 (`libavcodec-extra-54`)
Ubuntu tweak (`ubuntu-tweak`)	see Ubuntu Tweak
Medibuntu application center (`app-install-data-medibuntu`)	No longer available on u1404 Trusty Tahr This install medibuntu apps in Ubuntu Application Center
XBMC (`xbmc`)	see XBMC
XSel (`xsel`)
Compiz config settings manager (`compizconfig-settings-manager`)
moreutils	For chronic, sponge
tmux (`tmux`)	Alternative to screen, but with support for multiple panes like terminator
CPU indicator (`indicator-multiload`)	Selected CPU, Memory, Network
Unity tweak tool (`unity-tweak-tool`	Don't show desktop in switcher top right hot corner: Spread all windows

Optional Applications:

GNU Go (`gnugo`)
Various Go games (`qgo uligo cgoban`)
Quarry (`quarry`)	Board games Go, Amazons, and Reversi
PowerTop (`powertop`)

Applications not from repositories:

Panda glGo 1.4.1

See local page — does not work on Oneiric 64-bit

Optional Essentials:

nmap (nmap) For use with my git prj script

Common Settings

/etc/sudoers

SUDO - keep environment variables:
- http_proxy, https_proxy (to keep proxy settings for apt-get etc)
- GREP_OPTIONS (keep grep options)
- DISPLAY, XAUTHORITY (avoid doing xhost local:root before launching X pgm)
- HOME (e.g. to keep git aliases and settings when using etckeeper)
- PASSWD (e.g. to pass password via env. var to mount.cifs)

Defaults        env_reset
Defaults        env_keep += "http_proxy https_proxy GREP_OPTIONS DISPLAY XAUTHORITY HOME"

SUDO - Allow truecrypt and rfkill w/o password:

ALL     ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/truecrypt
ALL     ALL=NOPASSWD: /sbin/rfkill

Network

Samba / NFS client: Via autofs

Preferences

Use Ctrl-Alt-Delete for shutdown dialog.

Users

sudo useradd -s /bin/bash -m -u 1100 marie
sudo useradd -s /bin/bash -m -u 1200 isma
sudo useradd -s /bin/bash -m -u 1300 emma
sudo passwd marie
sudo passwd isma
sudo passwd emma

X11

Custom keyboard mapping be:

# From my profile
sudo cp ~/etc/be /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/be
sudo rm /var/lib/xkb/*.xkm
setxkbmap us
setxkbmap be

Use CapsLock as an extra Esc key (see X#Configuring_Layout_Options)

gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.input-sources xkb-options
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.input-sources xkb-options "@as ['caps:escape']"

Fonts — disable embedded bitmaps. See Fonts.

Miscellaneous

Disable apport. Set enabled=0 in /etc/default/apport

Edit AppArmor tunables. If home directories are not located at /home (e.g. /data/home), edit apparmor tunables. See here for details.

Configure the console:

dpkg-reconfigure console-setup
# utf-8 / latin1+latin5 / Terminus / 16

Workaround

Install custom udisks package, version 1.0.4-5ubuntu2.1fuu1, to fix unreadable DVD-RW. See udisks, or bug 635499).

sudo dpkg -i udisks_1.0.4-5ubuntu2.1fuu1_amd64.deb

Add the following to ~/.bash_profile and ~/.profile to Meta-key (Alt) not working and Midnight Commander displays Press any key... after each command when in tmux session [10]:

# This fix meta-key support and stop mc displaying "Press any key..." in tmux session
if [ $TERM = "screen" ]; then
    export TERM=xterm
fi
if [ -n "$TMUX" ]; then
    export COLORTERM=rxvt
fi

Fonts

Antialiasing RGBA, Hinting Slight, Text scaling factor 1.00.

Application	Font	Selected font
Terminator	Monospace font	`Fantasque Sans Mono 9`
Gnome Terminal	Monospace font	`Fantasque Sans Mono 9`
Unity (desktop)	Default font	`Lucida Sans Regular 9`
Unity (desktop)	Document font	`Lucida Sans Regular 10`
Unity (desktop)	Monospace font	`Fantasque Sans Mono 10`
Unity (desktop)	Windows title font	`Lucida Sans Unicode Bold 10`
Firefox	Sans-serif (latin)	`Liberation Sans 16`
Firefox	Monospace (Latin)	`Fantasque Sans Mono 16`

For firefox, fonts are inspired from Mediawiki Vector skin -- typography refresh.

@@ Line 263: / Line 263: @@
 Since Ubuntu Bionic, applet {{deb|indicator-multiload}} no longer works.
-;[https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/120/system-monitor/ system-monitor]
+;[https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/120/system-monitor/ system-monitor] ([https://github.com/paradoxxxzero/gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet github])
-* Requires the following package: {{deb|gir1.2-gtop-2.0 gir1.2-networkmanager-1.0}}
+* Requires the following package: {{deb|gir1.2-gtop-2.0 gir1.2-networkmanager-1.0  gir1.2-clutter-1.0}}
 * However the indicator conflicts with owncloud client indicator (no longer visible).

Configuration Common Linux: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 17:37, 18 September 2018

Contents

Install script

terminator

tmux

neovim / vim

neovim / vim plugins

fzf

Java from Oracle

LibreOffice

KeepassXC

Gnome

Common Applications

Common Settings

/etc/sudoers

Network

Preferences

Users

X11

Miscellaneous

Workaround

Fonts

Navigation menu

Configuration Common Linux: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 17:37, 18 September 2018

Install script

terminator

tmux

neovim / vim

neovim / vim plugins

fzf

Java from Oracle

LibreOffice

KeepassXC

Gnome

Common Applications

Common Settings

/etc/sudoers

Network

Preferences

Users

X11

Miscellaneous

Workaround

Fonts

Navigation menu

Search